![]() Iran is believed to suffer from such a brain drain in their skilled-labour market, otherwise known in many areas as education immigration. Countries that experience a brain drain as a result of migration may suffer a population and cultural loss. For some, (tertiary) education has been the primary motivating factor. ![]() ![]() It is estimated that almost 244 million people have migrated around the world for a variety of complex reasons. The results highlight that the immigration flows were mainly shaped by labour market outcomes, while the primary positive immigration impact was induced upon the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and employment levels, both for natives and the foreign population. We analysed distinctly the labour and humanitarian (asylum seekers) migration flows, considered throughout two separate time periods, namely 2000–20–2019 (2019 being the deadline for Brexit negotiations). A set of methods and macro-econometric models, based on country fixed effects, spatial analysis, and structural equations modelling, was applied on a balanced panel formed by ten EU host economies. ![]() The paper’s aim is to identify specific ways in which migrants can contribute to host countries’ sustainable development through positive spillover upon natives, labour market performance, and the overall economic activity. This research examines several modellers of immigration flows deployed within the European Union (EU), as well as their economic consequences upon the most targeted ten migrant receiving countries. ![]()
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